This ecoregion spans the Andaman Islands, part of an archipelago that continues southward to the Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal. Over 2,500 flowering plant species have been recorded from these small islands, of which 10% are endemic. The equatorial, oceanic...

This ecoregion occurs in northwestern India, along the Aravalli Mountains (formed over 1,500 million years ago). The stunted, xerophytic (adapted to dryness) vegetation, dominated by species of Acacia (< 6 m in height), includes trees and shrubs such as Prosopis...

This ecoregion, which extends into Pakistan and Afghanistan, includes the juniper forests of north central Baluchistan, but only a small portion lies in India adjoining the plains of western Punjab. Short rivers originate from the hills of Baluchistan Plateau and...

The ecoregion represents the swath of semi-evergreen forests along the upper reaches of the Brahmaputra River, which flows through Assam and West Bengal. The region has been densely settled by people, its forests cleared, and the land extensively cultivated for...

The ecoregion sits in the middle of the Deccan Plateau and retains vast areas of natural habitat, some exceeding 5,000 km². The forests hold significant populations of endangered species including the tiger, wild buffalo, wild dog, sloth bear, chousingha, gaur,...

Ranging from 3,500 to nearly 6,000 m mainly in Ladakh, the Central Tibet alpine steppe landscape has flat basins between high mountains with steppe vegetation comprised of small plants such as Stipa feather grasses, sedges, alpine forbs, and cushion plants...

Of Gondwanan origins, the Chhota-Nagpur Plateau is composed of Precambrian rocks over 5.4 billion years old. It formed a bridge between the Satpura Hill Range that extends westwards across India and the Himalaya, allowing an exchange of species adapted to montane...

This ecoregion occurs along the eastern rim of Mizoram’s hill ranges, along the Myanmar border. It has montane moist forests with tropical climate and the annual rainfall can exceed 4,000 mm. Summer temperatures average 24ºC, but winter temperature can drop below...

This large, semi-arid region, primarily situated on the Deccan Plateau, is characterised by sparsely vegetated, thorn forest or savanna like forests. The ecoregion has a complex and diverse geological history influencing the unique formations in the region. Strong...

This ecoregion, with its unique dry-evergreen forest type of natural vegetation, is found along the plains and low hills in south-east India—southern Andhra Pradesh, eastern Tamil Nadu, and Puducherry. The main natural vegetation type is a low statured (8 – 12 m)...